Wooden clock movements from the early 1800's, were subjected to any number of non-standard repairs. The bushings on most wooden movements are simply a hole drilled in the oak endplate. Some makers used bone or ivory bushing inserts such as the middle two in the above movement. Over the years, the metal pivot-on-wood bushing (runs without lubricant) wears, and the proper repair is to drill out the old wood and insert a wood plug, drilling a properly centered hole as the new bushing. Whoever fixed this clock did not get the memo on proper repair. Two types of improper rebushing techniques are shown here. Two bushings were overlain with metal plates and one bone bushing was drilled out and a brass insert was used to compensate for wear. Rather than a proper dry metal on wood or bone bushing, these repairs are now metal on metal, thus requiring that the bushings be oiled. Oil seeps into the wood and causes it to soften and these bushings often fall out.